Hernia diafragmática congénita de presentación tardía Reporte de caso con revisión de literatura / Late Presentation Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Case Report with Literature Review

Resumen Una hernia diafragmática congénita ocurre cuando existe un defecto estructural en el diafragma que permite la migración de los órganos abdominales a la cavidad torácica. Se considera de presentación tardía cuando se diagnostica después de los 30 días de vida extrauterina. Más del 60% de los pacientes con hernia diafragmática congénita cuentan con un diagnóstico erróneo al momento del nacimiento, encontrándose dentro de los diagnósticos más frecuentes al derrame pleural, neumonía, neumotórax, neumatocele y absceso pulmonar. Presentamos el caso de una paciente del sexo femenino de 3 años que acudió a urgencias por dolor abdominal, náuseas, vómito, intolerancia a la vía oral y dificultad respiratoria. La radiografía de tórax evidenció migración de la cámara gástrica hacia el tórax, dessplazamiento de la silueta cardiaca y las estructuras del mediastino hacia la derecha con la punta de la sonda nasogástrica ubicada en el hemitórax izquierdo. Se concluyó el diagnóstico de hernia diafragmática de presentación tardía. La paciente recibió tratamiento quirúrgico, el cual fue exitoso. Este trabajo destaca la importancia de sospechar el diagnóstico de hernia diafragmática congénita de presentación tardía cuando se abordan pacientes pediátricos con dificultad respiratoria sin otra causa aparente, dolor abdominal, náuseas y vómito.

Abstract A congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs when the diaphragm has a structural defect that allows the migration of abdominal organs into the chest cavity. It is called late presentation when its diagnosis does after 30 days of life. More than 60% of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia are misdiagnosed. The most common misdiagnoses are pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pneuma tocele, and lung abscess. We present a case of a 3-year-old female who attended the emergency room due to abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, intolerance to the oral route, and respiratory distress. The chest X-ray showed migration of the gastric chamber towards the thorax, displacement of the cardiac silhouette and the mediastinal structures to the right, and the tip of the nasogastric tube located in the left hemithorax. The doctors concluded a late presentation diaphragmatic hernia. The patient received surgical treatment, which was successful. This paper highlights the importance of suspecting the diagnosis of late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernia when treating pediatric patients with respiratory distress without another apparent cause, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Brown tumors of the jaw: an atypical manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism / Tumores pardos de mandíbula: una manifestación atípica de hiperparatiroidismo primario

Abstract Brown tumors represent the terminal stage of bone remodeling processes in primary hyperparathyroidism. Currently they are rare, and typically affect long bones, pelvis and ribs. Brown tumors may be not included in the initial differential diagnosis of bone disease, espe cially when they are present in atypical localizations. We reported two cases of oral brown tumors as the initial presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism. In the first case, a 44-year-old woman presented a painful and sessile lesion of 4x3 cm over the central body of the mandible which progressively increased in 4-month. The second case involved a 23-year-old woman who was referred with a 3-month history of a painful and ulcerated mass of 2 cm arising from left maxilla, episodes of gingival hemorrhage and difficulty of breathing. Both cases were solitary tumors with no evidence of palpable cervical lymphadenopathy. Incisional biopsy of oral tumors resul ted in giant cell and primary hyperparathyroidism was confirmed by laboratory tests. After parathyroidectomy, histology confirmed adenoma in both cases. Although this type of clinical presentation has almost disappeared in the recent decades, brown tumors should be consi dered in the differential diagnosis of bone oral masses.

Resumen Los tumores pardos son raros y, por lo general, afectan huesos largos, pelvis y costillas. Pueden no estar incluidos en el diagnóstico diferencial inicial como manifestación de enfermedad esquelética, es pecialmente cuando se presentan en localizaciones atípicas. Comunicamos dos casos de tumores pardos orales como presentación inicial de hiperparatiroidismo primario. En el primer caso, una mujer de 44 años presentó una lesión dolorosa y sésil de 4 × 3 cm sobre el cuerpo central de la mandíbula que aumentó de tamaño progresivamente en 4 meses. El segundo caso corresponde a una mujer de 23 años que acudió por presentar una masa dolorosa y ul cerada de 2 cm en maxilar izquierdo de 3 meses de evolución, episodios de hemorragia gingival y difi cultad para respirar. Todos fueron tumores solitarios sin evidencia de linfadenopatía cervical palpable. La biopsia incisional de los tumores orales resultó en células gigantes, y las pruebas de laboratorio confirmaron el hiperparatiroidismo primario. Tras la paratiroidectomía, la histología confirmó adenoma en ambos casos. Los tumores pardos representan la etapa terminal de los procesos de remodelación ósea en el hiperparatiroidismo primario. Aunque este tipo de presentación clínica casi ha desaparecido en las últimas décadas, los tumores pardos deben ser considerados en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas óseas orales.

Characterization of decontamination procedure of beef carcasses at slaughterhouses in the province of Antioquia, Colombia / Caracterización del procedimiento de lavado descontaminación de canales bovinas en las plantas de beneficio animal del departamento de Antioquia, Colombia

Background: Beef slaughterhouses must use a carcass decontamination procedure to control pathogens and thus prevent foodborne diseases transmitted by meat. Objectives: This study aimed to characterize beef carcass decontamination procedures at slaughterhouses located in the province of Antioquia (Colombia). All the slaughterhouses were in service, registered, and approved by Invima (Instituto Nacional de Vigilancia de Medicamentos y Alimentos in Spanish) at the time of the study. Methods: This descriptive study collected information from 23 beef slaughterhouses between July 2019 and April 2021 through documentary reviews and visits to slaughterhouses, using forms and questionnaires. Results: The study allowed the characterization of the procedures used to decontaminate beef carcasses, showing that the chemical disinfection of the carcasses is used to control microorganisms in at least 73.9% of the slaughterhouses analyzed. According to secondary sources, it was found that most of the slaughterhouses are small (slaughter volume <50,000 heads per year); 10 of them use citric acid, lactic acid, peracetic acid, and a mixture of organic acids in concentrations between 900 and 1,200 ppm, 1.5 and 1.7%, 180 and 190 ppm, and 900 and 1,200 ppm, respectively, as carcass disinfectants and according to the technical data sheet of the product. During the visits and through the application of the questionnaire, it was found that the 12 slaughterhouses had implemented chemical disinfection which is not scientifically based, using manual devices as an intervention method to control pathogenic microorganisms. It was found that the type of company, slaughter volume, and the lack of financial resources are the determining factors in the selection of decontamination procedures. The validation of the beef carcass decontamination procedures in the different slaughterhouses in the study was demonstrated. Conclusions:Although it was established that at least one decontamination procedure, such as chemical disinfection, is used in the slaughterhouses of study, this option is not supported by scientific or technical evidence. The findings support the need for improvements in the slaughterhouses of the province of Antioquia, including the improvement of surveillance programs to reduce pathogens in the meat chain effectively.

Antecedentes: Las plantas de beneficio animal deben utilizar un procedimiento de descontaminación de canales para el control de patógenos y con ello, prevenir la aparición de enfermedades transmitidas por el consumo de carne. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar el procedimiento de descontaminación de canales bovinas en las plantas de beneficio animal del Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, que se encontraban en servicio, inscritas y autorizadas por el Invima al momento del estudio. Métodos: Este estudio descriptivo recolectó información de 23 plantas de beneficio animal de la especie bovina, a partir de revisiones documentales y visitas a las plantas, usando formatos y cuestionarios entre julio de 2019 y abril de 2021. Resultados: El estudio permitió caracterizar los procedimientos y técnicas de descontaminación de canales bovinas, revelando que en al menos el 73,9% de las plantas de beneficio estudiadas se realiza la desinfección química de las canales para el control de microorganismos. A partir de fuentes secundarias, se encontró que la mayoría de las plantas de beneficio animal en el Departamento de Antioquia son muy pequeñas, 10 de ellas utilizan productos de desinfección de canales, tales como el ácido cítrico, ácido láctico, ácido peracético y mezcla de ácidos orgánicos en concentraciones entre 900 y 1200 ppm, 1,5 y 1,7%, 180 y 190 ppm y 900 y 1200 ppm, respectivamente; y estos son utilizados de acuerdo con las recomendaciones de la respectiva ficha técnica del producto. Por otro lado, durante la visita a las plantas de beneficio y mediante la aplicación del cuestionario, se constató que las 12 plantas visitadas han implementado la desinfección química como método de intervención para el control de microorganismos patógenos, realizando su aplicación mediante dispositivos manuales, no obstante, estas prácticas no están fundamentadas científicamente. Por otro lado, se estableció que aparentemente el tipo de empresa, volumen de sacrificio y falta de recursos financieros son los factores que determinan la elección del procedimiento de descontaminación de canales. De igual manera, se evidenció la necesidad de realizar estudios para validar la efectividad del procedimiento de descontaminación en las diferentes plantas de beneficio. Conclusiones: Aunque se estableció que en las plantas de beneficio animal visitadas se implementa al menos una técnica de intervención como la desinfección química, esta elección no tiene un sustento con base a fundamentos científicos y técnicos. Estos hallazgos respaldan la necesidad de mejoras en las plantas de beneficio animal del Departamento, incluyendo mejoras al programa de vigilancia de la reducción efectiva de patógenos en la cadena cárnica.

Multivariate relationships among pH, subcutaneous fat thickness, and color in bovine meat using canonical correlation analysis / Relación multivariada entre pH, espesor de grasa subcutánea y color en carne bovina usando el análisis de correlación canónica / Relação multivariada entre pH, espessura de gordura subcutânea e cor em carne bovina usando a análise de correlação canônica

Abstract Background: pH, subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), and color are fundamental variables to define the organoleptic characteristics of meat. However, multivariate relationships of those traits remain unexplored in bovine meat. Objective: To investigate the multivariate relationships among pH, subcutaneous fat thickness, and color parameters in bovine meat using canonical correlation analysis. Methods: A dataset containing 173 individual records of pH, SFT, and color parameters (a*: intensity of red color, b*: intensity of yellow color, and L*: lightness) from five Brazilian beef cut types (Breed: Nellore; cuts: acém, contrafilé, fraldinha, patinho and picanha) was constructed. Multivariate relationships between color variables (a*, b*, and L*) and chemical variables (pH and SFT) were explored using the CANCORR procedure of SAS. Results: Two canonical correlations between U (a*, b*, and L*; color variables) and V (pH and SFT; chemical variables) variates were significant (p<0.01). First and second canonical correlations were 0.463 and 0.282, respectively. Canonical weights for variates were for U1: a* = 0.707, b* = 0.406, and L* = -0.039; U2: a* = 0.364, b* = -0.898, and L* = 1.234; V1: pH = -0.376 and SFT = 0.935; V2: pH = 0.927 and STF = 0.356. Conclusion: Subcutaneous fat thickness significantly affected intensity of red and yellow colors, whereas pH significantly affected lightness. The results of this study may be useful for a better understanding of the role of muscle metabolism and its implications on the organoleptic characteristics of bovine meat.

Resumen Antecedentes: El pH, espesor de la grasa subcutánea (SFT) y color, son variables importantes que definen las características organolépticas de la carne de rumiantes. Sin embargo, su relación multivariada en carne bovina permanece inexplorada hasta ahora. Objetivo: Investigar la relación multivariada entre el pH, SFT y parámetros de color en carne bovina mediante el análisis de correlación canónica. Métodos: Se construyó una base de datos con 173 registros individuales de pH, SFT y parámetros de color (a*: intensidad de color rojo, b*: intensidad de color amarillo y L*: luminosidad) de cinco tipos de cortes de carne bovina brasileña (Raza: Nellore; cortes: acém, contrafilé, fraldinha, patinho y picanha). La relación multivariada entre las variables de color (a*, b* y L*) y las variables químicas (pH y SFT) se exploró usando el procedimiento CANCORR de SAS. Resultados: Dos correlaciones canónicas entre las variables U (compuesta por a*, b* y L*; variables de color) y V (compuesta por pH y SFT; variables químicas) fueron significativas (p<0,01). La primera y la segunda correlación canónica fueron 0,463 y 0,282, respectivamente. Los pesos canónicos para las variables canónicas fueron para U1: a* = 0,707, b* = 0,406 y L* = -0,039; U2: a* = 0,364, b* = -0,898 y L* = 1,234; V1: pH = -0,376 y SFT = 0,935; V2: pH = 0,927 y SFT = 0,356. Conclusión: El espesor de grasa subcutánea afectó significativamente la intensidad de los colores rojo y amarillo, mientras que el pH afectó significativamente la luminosidad. Los resultados de este estudio pueden ser útiles para comprender el papel del metabolismo muscular y sus implicaciones en las características organolépticas de la carne bovina.

Resumo Antecedentes: O pH, a espessura da gordura subcutânea (SFT) e a cor, são variáveis importantes que definem as características organolépticas da carne de ruminantes. No entanto, sua relação multivariada em carne bovina até o momento permanece inexplorada. Objetivo: Investigar a relação multivariada entre o pH, SFT e os parâmetros de cor em carne bovina, utilizando a análise de correlação canônica. Métodos: Foi construído um banco de dados contendo 173 registros individuais de pH, SFT e parâmetros de cor (a*: intensidade de cor vermelha, b*: intensidade de cor amarela y L*: luminosidade) de cinco tipos de cortes de carne bovina brasileira (Raça: Nellore; cortes: acém, contrafilé, fraldinha, patinho e picanha). A relação multivariada entre variáveis de cor (a *, b * e L*) e variáveis químicas (pH e SFT) foi explorada usando o procedimento CANCORR do SAS. Resultados: Duas correlações canônicas entre as variáveis U (composta de a *, b * e L *, variáveis de cor) e V (composta de pH e SFT, variáveis químicas) foram significativas (p<0,01). A primeira e segunda correlação canônica foram 0,463 e 0,282, respectivamente. Os pesos canônicos para as variáveis canônicas foram para U1: a* = 0,707, b* = 0,406 e L* = -0,039; U2: a* = 0,364, b* = -0,898 e L* = 1,234; V1: pH = -0,376 e SFT = 0,935; V2: pH = 0,927 e SFT = 0,356. Conclusão: A espessura de gordura subcutânea afetou significativamente a intensidade das cores vermelha e amarela, enquanto o pH afetou significativamente a luminosidade, em carne bovina. Os resultados deste estudo podem ser úteis para entender melhor o papel do metabolismo muscular e suas implicações nas características organolépticas da carne bovina.

Family resources (SCREEM Res) and coping strategies of Filipino patients in a primary care clinic in Imus, Cavite during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background@#The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in several stressors and difficulties among Filipinos, forcing everyone to cope with the limited resources. There are limited local studies on measuring how well Filipinos are coping in the pandemic. Knowledge on the predominant coping strategy during this crisis and which resources are lacking may guide physicians in tailoring appropriate interventions.@*Objective@#The study aimed to determine the Family Resources and coping strategies of Filipino patients seen in a private, primary clinic in Bucandala (Imus, Cavite) during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the SCREEM Res and Filipino Coping Strategies (FCS) Scale, respectively.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out among adult patients who consulted at a private primary clinic in Imus from November to December 2020. Respondents answered a self-administered survey on sociodemographic profile, family resources (SCREEM Res) and coping strategies (FCS Scale).@*Results@#A total of 140 respondents were included in the study. They almost equally belonged to the average (49.29%) or low income group (47.14%) with a median household size of 4.9. Many (44.29%) were unemployed. The median Total SCREEMRes score of the respondents was 25 (adequate). However, 42% of the respondents had moderately inadequate resources. The SCREEM Res domains of social, cultural and religious resources were adequate (median, 5) while the educational, economic and medical resources were moderately inadequate (median, 4). FCS scores were highest for the domains religiosity, problem solving and cognitive reappraisal and lowest for substance use.@*Conclusion@#Respondents had adequate social, cultural and religious family resources but moderately inadequate economic, educational and medical resources. Their predominant coping strategies include religiosity, problem solving and cognitive reappraisal. Family physicians may partner with families in augmenting their inadequate resources by maximizing the use of the dominant coping strategies.

Psychometric properties of the SV-RES Resilience Scale in Mexican women with breast cancer / Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Resiliencia SV-RES en mujeres mexicanas con cáncer de mama

Abstract Introduction Resilience is an adaptation resource for coping with adversity or high risk, in this case, breast cancer diagnosis. The SV-RES Resilience Scale, created in Chile, is a valid, reliable measure for evaluating healthy behaviors in adversity and could be useful for evaluating resources available to women with breast cancer diagnosis in Mexico. Objective To obtain the psychometric properties of the SV-RES Resilience Scale in Mexican women with breast cancer. Method 114 women with breast cancer attending a cancer care center were included. They answered the self-administered SV-RES Resilience Scale comprising three resources: "I am," "I have," and "I can." The dimensions of the scale were identified through an exploratory factor analysis. Results The scale presented overall internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of .974), with seven dimensions (identity, satisfaction, links, networks, internal strength, self-efficacy, and affectivity/reciprocity) that accounted for 72.75% of the variance. Discussion and conclusion The SV-RES scale is a valid, reliable measure for assessing resilience in Mexican women with breast cancer. Since it is a short, self-administered, and reliable instrument, it is useful for clinical practice and research in similar populations to identify the resources people have for coping with their medical conditions.

Resumen Introducción La resiliencia es un recurso con que cuentan las personas para afrontar situaciones de adversidad o de alto riesgo en su salud, en este caso, el diagnóstico de cáncer de mama. La Escala de Resiliencia SV-RES fue creada en Chile y constituye una medición válida y confiable para evaluar las conductas saludables en condiciones de adversidad y podría ser útil para evaluar los recursos con que cuentan las mujeres mexicanas con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama. Objetivo Obtener las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Resiliencia SV-RES en mujeres mexicanas con cáncer de mama. Método Participaron 114 mujeres con cáncer de mama que acudieron a un centro especializado en atención oncológica, quienes respondieron la Escala Autoaplicable de Resiliencia SV-RES, que consta de tres recursos "Yo soy / Yo estoy"; "Yo tengo" y "Yo puedo". Las dimensiones de la escala fueron identificadas por medio de un análisis factorial exploratorio. Resultados La escala presentó una consistencia global interna (alpha de Cronbach de .974), cuyas siete dimensiones (identidad, satisfacción, vínculos, redes, fortaleza interna, autoeficacia y afectividad/reciprocidad) explicaron en conjunto el 72.75% de la varianza. Discusión y conclusión La escala SV-RES es una medida válida y confiable para evaluar la resiliencia en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Al ser un instrumento breve, autoaplicable y confiable, constituye un instrumento útil para su aplicación en la práctica clínica y en la investigación en poblaciones similares, con el fin de identificar los recursos con que cuenta la población para enfrentar sus padecimientos.

Riesgos psicosociales y salud laboral en centros de salud / Psicosocial risk and occupational health in health centers

Resumen: Este estudio tuvo por objetivo describir la salud y el riesgo psicoso- cial en tres centros de salud públicos y analizar sus asociaciones con condiciones de trabajo y enfermedad. El método incluyó un diseño observacional, analítico, transversal y una muestra total de 438 funcionarios quienes respondieron el cuestionario validado en Chile, SUSESO/ISTAS 21. Los resultados muestran que 14,6% reportan tener una enfermedad diagnosticada provocada y/o agravada por el trabajo lo que es consistente con bajos niveles de salud general, salud mental, vitalidad y altos niveles de síntomas de estrés y con condiciones de trabajo de desequilibrio entre esfuerzo-recompensa. Se observaron 4 riesgos psicosociales altos, comunes y presentes en todos los centros y 9 riesgos psicosociales altos que permiten discri minar entre funcionarios sanos y enfermos. Se discute y concluye la importancia de atender a los riesgos y condiciones comunes en centros de salud.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to describe health and psychosocial risk in three public health centers and analyze their associations with working conditions and illness. The method included an observa tional, analytical, cross-sectional design and a total sample of 438 officials who answered the questionnaire validated in Chile, SUSESO / ISTAS 21. The results show that 14.6% report having a diagnosed illness caused and / or aggravated by work, which is consistent with low levels of general health, mental health, vitality and high levels of stress symptoms and with imbalanced work conditions between effort-reward. There were 4 high psychosocial risks, common and present in all centers, and 9 high psychosocial risks that allow dis criminating between healthy and sick officials. The importance of attending to common risks and conditions in health centers is dis cussed and concluded.

Prevalencia de la sintomatología respiratoria en trabajadores mineros del municipio de Socotá, Boyacá, 2017 / Prevalence of respiratory symptomatology in miners in the muni-cipality of Socotá, Boyacá, 2017 / Prevalência de sintomas respiratórios em trabalhadores da mine-ração no município de Socotá, Boyacá, 2017

Introducción. La minería se ha relacionado con problemas de salud de predominio respiratorio, causados por la exposición al carbón y a los diversos componentes que permanecen suspendidos en el aire de las minas, los cuales son un riesgo para contraer enfermedades de predominio respiratorio que clási-camente se manifiestan por tos, expectoración, hemoptisis y dolor en el pecho, entre otros síntomas. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de la sintomatología respiratoria en los trabajadores mineros del municipio de Socotá (Boyacá) en diciembre de 2017.Metodología. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se in-cluyeron 794 trabajadores para tamizar síntomas indicativos de algún trastorno respiratorio importante.Resultados. Hubo predominio del grupo de edad de 36 a 45 años, con 240 (30,23 %) individuos. El grupo más sintomático fue el grupo B, con 48 a 69 meses de trabajo. La prevalencia de personas con sintomatología respiratoria fue de 5 % (n=40). El síntoma más prevalente fue la fatiga (n=134; 16,88 %). Al hacer una regresión logística multivariada dividida por una estratificación en meses de trabajo y hacer la comparación de toda la población contra el grupo B (48 a 96 meses), los síntomas de pérdida de peso, sudoración y dolor en pecho muestran una relación estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de los sintomáticos respiratorios fue baja (n=40; 5 %) en esta población. Sin embargo, la regresión dio el indicio de que a mayor tiempo de exposición laboral, aumenta la aparición de síntomas en los trabajadores.

Introduction. Mining has been related to respiratory health problems, caused by exposure to carbon and various air suspended components that remain in mines, this particulate material increments the risk to contract respiratory diseases, classically manifest by cough, expectoration, hemoptysis and chest pain, and other symptoms.Objective. To determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in mining workers of Socotá City (Boyacá) on December 2017.Methods. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. 794 workers were included to screen symptoms indicative of an important respiratory disorder, giving great importance to the definition of respiratory symptoms.Results. There was predominance of age group between 36 to 45 years (240 individuals, 30.23%). Most symptomatic group was B group, who had 48 to 69 months working. The prevalence of respi-ratory was 5% (n = 40). The most prevalent symptom was fatigue 16.88% (n = 134), When doing a multivariate logistic regression divided by a stratification in months of work and making the comparison of whole population against group B (48 to 96 months), the symptoms of weight loss, sweating and chest pain show a statistically significant relationship.Conclusions. Respiratory symptoms prevalence was low, about 5% (n = 40) in this population. However, the regression gave an indication that appearance of symptoms is proportional to time of occupational exposure.

Introdução. A mineração tem sido relacionada a problemas de saúde de predominância respiratória, causados pela exposição ao carbono e os vários componentes que permanecem suspensos no ar das minas, que são um risco para contrair doenças de predominância respiratória que se manifestam pela tosse, expectoração, hemoptise e dor no peito, entre outros sintomas.Objetivo. Determinar a prevalência de sintomas respiratórios nos trabalhadores da mineração do município de Socotá (Boyacá) em dezembro de 2017.Materiais e métodos. Foi levado a cabo um estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal. Foram in-cluídos 794 trabalhadores para procurar sintomas indicativos de um distúrbio respiratório significativo.Resultados. Houve predomínio da faixa etária de 36 a 45 anos, com 240 (30,23%) indivíduos. O grupo mais sintomático foi o grupo B, com 48 a 69 meses de trabalho. A prevalência de pessoas com sintomas respiratórios foi de 5% (n = 40). O sintoma mais prevalente foi a fadiga (n = 134, 16,88%). Ao fazer a regressão logística multivariada dividida por uma estratificação em meses de trabalho e fazer a comparação de toda a população contra o grupo B (48 a 96 meses), os sintomas de perda de peso, sudorese e dor torácica mostram uma relação estatisticamente significativa.Conclusões. A prevalência de sintomas respiratórios foi baixa (n = 40, 5%) nessa população. No entanto, a regressão indicou que a maior tempo de exposição ocupacional aumenta o aparecimento de sintomas nos trabalhadores

Frecuencia, susceptibilidad antimicrobiana y patrón de adherencia de Salmonella enterica aislada de carne de pollo, res y cerdo de la Ciudad de México / Frequency, antimicrobial susceptibility and adherence patterns of Salmonella enterica isolated from chicken meat, beef and pork from Mexico City

Resumen Introducción: Los alimentos de origen animal frecuentemente están implicados en brotes de salmonelosis. Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de Salmonella enterica en carnes molidas de pollo, res y cerdo (un total de 2.592 muestras) obtenidas de mercados sobre ruedas y supermercados de la Delegación Iztapalapa en la Ciudad de México, determinar la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana y efectuar ensayos de adherencia en las cepas aisladas. Métodos: El aislamiento de S. enterica se hizo de acuerdo a la BAM-FDA, la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de acuerdo con CLSI y el ensayo de adherencia en células HEp-2 conforme a Baffone y cols., 2001. Resultados: Salmonella enterica fue aislada en 511 del total de muestras analizadas (19,7%), de las cuales 244 (47,7%), 152 (29,7%) y 115 (22,5%) correspondieron a carne molida de pollo, res y cerdo, respectivamente. La mayor frecuencia de resistencia de S. enterica a antimicrobianos fue a ampicilina y cloranfenicol en pollo, perfloxacina y ampicilina en res y carbenicilina, ampicilina, cloranfenicol, cefotaxima y perfloxacina en cerdo. Noventa por ciento de las cepas mostraron un patrón de adherencia agregativo. Conclusión: La frecuencia de S. enterica en productos cárnicos es alta, por lo que es importante la adecuada cocción de la carne para disminuir el riesgo de una salmonelosis.

Background: Food of animal origin is often involved in salmonellosis outbreaks. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of Salmonella enterica in chicken, beef and pork ground meat (a total of 2,592 samples) obtained from travelling markets and supermarkets at the Iztapalapa area of Mexico City, in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and adherence capacity of isolated strains. Methods: Isolation of S. enterica was carried out according to the BAM-FDA, the microbial susceptibility according with CLSI and adherence assay on HEp-2 cell line according with Baffone et al., 2001. Results: S. enterica was isolated from 511 of all the analyzed samples (19.7%), from which 244 (47.7%), 152 (29.7%) and 115 (22.5%) corresponded to chicken, beef and pork ground meat, respectively. The highest frequency of resistance of S. enterica to antimicrobials was to ampicillin and chloramphenicol in chicken, perfloxacin and ampicillin in beef and carbenicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime and perfloxacin in pork. Ninety percent of the strains showed an aggregative adherence pattern on HEp-2 cells. Conclusion: The frequency of S. enterica on meat products is high, which is the reason why a proper cooking of these ground meats is important in order to reduce the risk of acquiring salmonellosis.

Calidad higiénico-sanitaria en plantas de faena de la provincia de Tucumán: Detección, aislamiento y caracterización de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga / Hygienic-sanitary quality in abattoirs from Tucuman province, Argentina: Detection, isolation and characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli

Los bovinos son el principal reservorio de Escherichia coli productor de toxina Shiga (STEC); las estrategias para evitar su transmisión se concentran en la planta de faena. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad higiénico-sanitaria y la frecuencia de detección de STEC en medias reses bovinas de frigoríficos de tránsito provincial. Se procesaron 274 esponjados de media res; en 9 (3,3%) el recuento de E. coli genérico fue marginal, en 4 (1,4%) se aisló E. coli O157, de los cuales 2 fueron caracterizados como stx2c(vh-a)/eae/ehxA, y los otros 2 como no toxigénicos. A partir de una (0,4%) muestra se aisló E. coli no-O157 ONT:H49, stx2a/ehxA/saa. En este trabajo la calidad del producto analizado indica que en la provincia de Tucumán se cumplen las buenas prácticas de manufactura en la faena de bovinos.

Cattle are the main reservoir of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and the strategies to prevent the transmission of these microorganisms are concentrated in the slaughtering plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary quality and the frequency of detection of STEC in beef carcasses in abattoirs from Tucuman province. Two hundred and seventy four beef carcass sponges were processed; the count of generic E. coli was marginal in 9 (3,3%) of them. Escherichia coli O157 was isolated in 4 (1,4%) samples; 2 of which were characterized as stx2c(vh-a)/eae/ehxA whereas the other 2 were non-toxigenic strains. Non-O157 E. coli ONT:H49, stx2a/ehxA/saa was isolated from 1 sample (0,4%). In this work the quality of the analyzed product indicates that the good practices of manufacture are fulfilled in slaughtering facilities in Tucumán province.

The protective effects and potential mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicines on acute lung injury/acute re-spiratory distress syndrome / 医学研究生学报

There has been no specific therapeutic measures for acute lung injury /acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ALI/ARDS) , a disease of high fatality rate.Besides having good curative effects for the cardiovascular system diseases, cancer, obesity and preventing aging, traditional Chinese herbal medicines also have obvious therapeutic effects on ALI/ARDS.In this paper, we summari-zes the protection and the underlying mechanisms of traditional Chinese herbal medicines on ALI/ARDS.

Aislamiento y caracterización de Escherichia coli O157 en productos cárnicos bovinos y medias reses en la provincia de Tucumán / Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli O157 in bovine meat products and cattle in the province of Tucuman

Escherichia coli O157 es un patógeno emergente asociado a diarrea, colitis hemorrágica y síndrome urémico hemolítico. Los productos cárnicos constituyen una importante fuente de contaminación con este microorganismo. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron establecer la frecuencia de detección de E. coli O157 en productos cárnicos y media res en la provincia de Tucumán, caracterizar los factores de virulencia de los aislamientos obtenidos, establecer la relación clonal entre cepas regionales mediante electroforesis de campo pulsado y comparar con lo consignado en la base de datos nacional. Desde 2004 hasta 2013 se analizaron 169 muestras de carne picada, 35 embutidos y 216 esponjados de media res. Se identificaron 13 aislamientos de E. coli O157; 6 de ellos fueron O157:H7 productores de toxina Shiga y se caracterizaron como stx2c(vh-a)/eae/ehxA (n = 5) y stx2/eae/ehxA (n = 1); los 7 aislamientos de E. coli O157 no toxigénicos fueron O157:NT(n = 4),O157:NM (n = 1),O157:ND (n = 1) y O157:H16 (n = 1). Los patrones de PFGE fueron diferentes entre sí y de los registrados en la base de datos nacional. Se concluye que existe gran diversidad genética en los aislamientos de E. coli O157 circulantes en nuestra región

Escherichia coli O157 is an emergent pathogen associated with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Meat products constitute an important transmission source of this microorganism. The aims of this study were to characterize E. coli O157 isolated from cattle and meat products collected from abattoirs and retail stores, to establish the clonal relatedness among regional isolates and to compare them with those in the national database. Between 2004 and 2013, 169 minced meat, 35 sausage and 216 carcass samples were analyzed. Thirteen E. coli O157 isolates were identified; 6 of which were O157:H7 and characterized as stx2c(vh-a)/eae/ehxA (n = 5) and stx2/eae/ehxA (n = 1). The 7 remaining isolates were non-toxigenic E. coli strains, and serotyped as O157:NT (n = 4), O157:NM (n = 1), O157:ND (n = 1) and O157:H16 (n = 1). The strains yielded different XbaI-PFGE patterns. Compared to the E. coli O157 isolates in the National Database, none of these patterns have been previously detected in strains of different origin in Argentina

Detección de Toxoplasma gondii por amplificación del gen B1 en carnes de consumo humano / Toxoplasma gondii detection by gene B1 amplification in meat human consumption

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de formas parasitarias de Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) en diferentes tipos de carne de consumo humano comercializadas en Sincelejo-Sucre, mediante la amplificación del gen B1 por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo que determinó la infección por Toxoplasma gondii , en 120 muestras de carnes de consumo humano, obtenidas en 2 tipos de expendios del municipio de Sincelejo. De cada sector se tomaron 60 muestras distribuidas así: 20 muestras de carne de res, 20 muestras de carne de cerdo y 20 muestras de carne de pollo. Estas muestras fueron sometidas a una extracción de ADN mediante el método de altas concentraciones de sales y a una PCR anidada para amplificar una región específica del material genómico de T. gondii correspondiente al gen B1. Resultados: Se detectó ADN de Toxoplasma gondii en el 32% de las carnes analizadas. Dentro de este porcentaje se encontraron en proporciones similares, formas parasitarias de T. gondii en carne de pollo (35%), cerdo (32,5%) y res (27,5%), por lo cual no se observó diferencia estadística al realizar el análisis por tipo de carne. Así mismo se encontró una frecuencia de formas parasitarias de T. gondii de 36,6% en las muestras recolectadas en el mercado público y 26,7% en las muestras recolectadas en los supermercados de cadena. Conclusiones: Esta investigación demuestra la alta frecuencia de formas parasitarias de T. gondii en diferentes tipos de carne de consumo humano comercializados en el municipio de Sincelejo, e indica un elevado riesgo de infección por el parásito en la población.

Objective: To determine the frequency of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in different types of meat that is sold for human consumption in Sincelejo-Sucre, by PCR for B1 gene amplification. Materials and methods: A total of 120 samples of meat for human consumption were obtained at 2 types of outlets (municipality public market and retail chain stores) in the city of Sincelejo. At each store, 60 samples of 3 different species were obtained: 20 beef samples, 20 pork samples and 20 chicken samples. These samples were submitted to DNA extraction procedures for tissues and to nested PCR to amplify B1 specific genomic region of T. gondii. Results: Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in 32% of the analyzed meat. There were a slight higher frequency (36,6%) in samples collected at the municipality public market compared to retailed chain stores (26,7%) without statistical significance. The frequency of infection was similar between animal species: chicken (35%), pork (32,5%) and beef (27,5%). Conclusions: This work demonstrates a high frequency of T. gondii infection in different types of meat sold for human consumption in the town of Sincelejo, suggesting a high risk of infection by the parasite in the population.

Normativas internacionais de proteção contra bioterrorismo e biocrimes: lacunas e vulnerabilidades no Brasil / International standards for protection against bioterrorism and biocrimes: gaps and vulnerabilities in Brazil

Saúde Global pode ser entendida como questões de saúde que transcendem fronteiras nacionais e demandam intervenções nos assuntos que determinam a saúde das populações. Atualmente, os Estados deparam-se seguidamente com problemas e crises relacionadas à área da saúde. Em relação à segurança nacional, essa preocupação se manifesta sob a forma de ameaças de proliferação de Armas Biológicas e de Bioterrorismo. A comunidade internacional tem se esforçado para propor normas que previnam tais atos. Os melhores exemplos são a Convenção para a Proibição de Armas Biológicas e suas Toxinas (CPAB), a Resolução 1540 do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas (Res 1540/CSNU) e o Regulamento Sanitário Internacional (RSI). Contudo, existem várias lacunas e vulnerabilidades que podem ser exploradas nesses documentos. O escopo desse estudo é propor questionamentos a partir da Análise Documental desses tratados, ponderando a articulação entre os órgãos nacionais com a responsabilidade de prevenção, controle e resiliência contra ataques biológicos. O Brasil é signatário das principais normativas internacionais direcionadas à prevenção e controle de uso intencional de agentes biológicos e vem respondendo a contento à comunidade internacional. Ainda assim, é necessário mais que uma resposta formal a entidades supranacionais para prover, efetivamente, a devida proteção à população. O País possui capacidades técnicas estruturadas de forma isolada e fragmentada em diversos órgãos inexistindo um sistema formalmente instituído para a prevenção,resposta e controle de ataques bioterroristas...

Global Health can be understood as health issues that transcend national borders andrequire intervention in matters that determine the health of populations. Currently, States face crisis and problems related to health realm. Regarding national security, thisconcern is manifested in the form of threats of Biological Weapons proliferation and Bioterrorism. The international community has endeavored to propose regulations that prevent such acts. The best examples of it are the Convention for the Prohibition ofBiological Weapons and their Toxins (BWC), the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 (Res 1540/UNSC) and the International Health Regulations (IHR). However, there are several gaps and vulnerabilities that can be exploited in thesedocuments. The scope of this study is questioning these treaties using DocumentAnalysis, pondering the link between national entities responsible for prevention,control and resilience against biological attacks. Brazil is signatory of the major international instruments aimed at the prevention and control of biological agentsintentional use and has responded satisfactorily to the international community. Never theless, it takes more than a formal supranational response to provide effectivelyappropriate protection to population. The country owns technical capabilities not connected, distributed in several organs and lacks a system for the prevention, responseand control of bioterrorist attacks. Likewise, there is no national protocol established inorder to coordinate the activities of the bodies responsible for controlling the threat. Factors that determine individuals or groups to employ biological agents and toxins intheir violent attacks are not fully understood. Thus, more reckless than exacerbate therisk of intentional actions with biological agents is not being properly prepared toprevent and control such acts...

Cure Warts Capsules Combined with Burt's res-q Ointment in the Treatment of 40 Cases of Verruca Plana / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Purpose] To observe the clinical effects, relapse rate and security of treating the verruca plana with the cure warts capsules combined with Burt's res-q ointment. [Methods] Eighty patients with verruca plana were randomly divided into two groups. Forty patients in the combination group received cure warts capsules combined with Burt's res-q ointment; others in the control group received 0.1% al-transretinoic acid cream only. The courses of treatment of two groups was four weeks, then observe the number of verruca plana and bad reaction after the treatment, and record four weeks fol ow-up observation of relapse. [Results] The effective rate of treatment group was 92.50%which was significantly higher than the control group that the effective rate was 50.00% , and the former’s relapse rate was 3.40% which was significantly lower than that in the group which was 44.40% , the above showed significant difference(P<0.05).There was no significant side effects in the two groups. [Conclusion] Cure warts capsules combined with Burt's res-q ointment had better effect, low relapse rate and high safety.

Calidad microbiológica de carne de res comercializada en el mercado municipal de Culiacán, Sinaloa / Microbiological quality of beef sold in the municipal market of Culiacan, Sinaloa

The microbiological quality of raw meat was evaluated in 18 retail units of the municipal market in Culiacan, Sinaloa. The levels of E. coli were measured using methods from the Bacteriological Analytical Manual, and the O157 sero-group and the H7 antigen were also evaluated using chromogenic media and PCR, respectively. The results were confirmed using real time-PCR (PCR-TR) and PCR to detect virulence genes (vt1, vt2, eaeA and hlyA). Of the samples tested, 31.5% were positive for E. coli, with concentrations between 100 and 700 CFU/g of beef. Nine suspected E. coli O157:H7 strains were isolated from 16 samples, which were then discarded by the PCR-TR test. The virulence genes were not detected. The microbial contamination of beef could indicate the presence of pathogens from fecal sources. To guarantee the quality of these products, it is important to incorporate food safety programs.

Se evaluó la calidad microbiológica de carne de res en 18 comercios del mercado municipal de Culiacán, Sinaloa. Para determinar E. coli se usó la metodología del Manual Bacteriológico Analítico, y para evaluar el serogrupo O157 y antígeno H7, se usaron medios cromogénicos y PCR, respectivamente. La confirmación se hizo por PCR tiempo real (PCR-TR) y la detección de genes de virulencia (vt1, vt, eaeA y hlyA), por PCR. El 31.5% de muestras resultaron positivas para E. coli, con concentraciones entre 100 y 700 UFC/g. Se aislaron nueve cepas presuntivas de E. coliO157:H7 de 16 muestras, las cuales fueron descartadas con la técnica PCR-TR. No se detectaron genes de virulencia. La contaminación microbiana de la carne de res podría indicar la presencia de patógenos provenientes de fuentes fecales. Por ello es importante incorporar programas de inocuidad para garantizar la calidad de estos productos.

Medición de la eficiencia técnica relativa de las fincas asociadas a Coounión en Guasca Cundinamarca / Measurement of the relative technical efficiency of the farms associated to Coounion in Guasca Cundinamarca

Objetivo. Medir la eficiencia técnica relativa en las fincas asociadas a la cooperativa COOUNIÓN mediante Data Envelopment Analysis DEA (Análisis Envolvente de Datos). Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron como muestra las doce fincas asociadas a la Cooperativa Coounión en el municipio de Guasca (Cundinamarca). La información se obtuvo durante el período comprendido entre el 1º de junio del 2008 y el 31 de mayo del 2009. Los datos se estructuraron en seis variables, de las cuales se plantean dos modelos, ambos con cuatro variables y que están orientados a las entradas con rendimientos constantes a escala (CRS). El primer modelo consta de tres entradas: nutrición, mantenimiento, ordeño, y una salida: leche; mientras que el segundo modelo cuenta con dos entradas: nutrición, mantenimiento y dos salidas: carne, crías. Resultados. De las doce fincas solo una presentó, la mejor eficiencia tanto en el modelo 1 como en el modelo 2. Por esta razón, se determinaron las mejores prácticas de esta finca con el fin de replicarlas en las demás. Conclusiones. Aplicar la metodología DEA en las fincas ganaderas es viable porque permite enfocarse principalmente en aquellas variables que son controlables por el ganadero como los insumos. Por consiguiente, la evaluación de la eficiencia técnica relativa se desarrolló orientada a estos; así se demostró que las fincas pueden mantener sus niveles de producción actuales haciendo reducciones significativas en sus costos.

Sequenciamento de DNA de nova geração e suas aplicações na genômica de plantas / Next generation DNA sequencing and its applications in plant genomics

As plataformas de sequenciamento de nova geração são uma alternativa poderosa para estudos de genômica estrutural e funcional. Na genômica de plantas, os trabalhos com as novas plataformas têm sido destinados ao sequenciamento de transcritos, ressequenciamento ou sequenciamento de novo de genomas plastidiais. Neste trabalho, são detalhadas as tecnologias das plataformas mais utilizadas atualmente, bem como é revisada a aplicação dessas tecnologias na genômica estrutural e funcional de plantas.

The next-generation DNA sequencing technologies are a powerful alternative to studies in structural and functional genomics. In plant genomics studies, the work with these new platforms has been used for the sequencing of transcripts, re-sequencing, and the de novo sequencing of plastid genomes. This research details the technological principles of the next-generation DNA sequencing platforms most used and reviews its application in structural and functional plant genomics.

The roles of high-resolution computer tomography and bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of connective tissue diseases associated with interstitial lung disease / 中国综合临床

Objective To evaluate the roles of high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT) and bron- choalveolar lavage (BALF) in the diagnosis of connective tissue diseases associated with interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD). Methods Clinical data of chest HRCT and BALF of patients with CTD-ILD from January 1997 to December 2007 in in-patient department of Peking University First Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Results ①Among 46 cases with the picture of chest HRCT, 19 (41.3%)showed usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP) -like pattern and 18 (39.1%) showed lobular and interlobular septa thickening. 8 (8/17) of ANCA vasculitis (AASV) and 5 (5/9) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) manifested as UIP-like patterns respectively. In polymyositis/dermatomyositis(PM/DM) and Sjogren's syndrome (KS) patients, the organizing pneumonia(OP)-like pattern and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia(LIP)-like pattern were 2/4 and 2/4 respectively. ②Among 32 cases undergoing BAL, 10/10 patients with AASV-ILD all showed that neutrophils were dominant in BALF, while, the other 22 patients showed that the ratio of neutrophils elevation (14/22, 63.6%) and the ratio of lymphocytes elevation (18/22, 81.8%) were comparable, and there were 12/22(54.5%)patients with both types of cell elevation. Among 13 cases with iymphocytes elevation in BALF who performed analysis of sub-type lymphocytes, 10/13 cases showed decreased CD4/CD8 ratio, 3/13 cases showed increased CD4/CD8 ratio which were all related with SS. ③Among 15 patients undertaken HRCT and BALF detection together, 7/7 UIP-like cases showed the ratio of neutrephils elevation in BALK While in non-UIP-like cases, 5/8 showed the ratio of lymphocytes elevation. Conclusion ①UIP-like patterns and patterns of lobular and interlobular septa thickening are the most common imaging features of HRCT in CTD-ILD, the former are mostly seen in AASV and RA. OP-like patterns and LIP-like patterns are commonly seen in PM/DM and SS respectively. ②Tbe increased neutrophil percentage is dominant in BAL fluid of patients with AASV-ILD, while the others show that the ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte elevation are comparable, lymphocytes subtype analysis shows decreased CD4/CD8 ratio is dominant in CTD-ILD patients with lymphocytes increased. There is a significant relationship between increased CD4/CD8 ratio and SS-LIP. ③All of the cases with UIP-like patterns show the ratio of neutrophils elevation in BALF. While the ratio of lymphocytes elevation is dominant in non-UIP-like cases.

Evaluación de txxtura a cinco cortes de carne d res conservados por esterilizaación en envase de hojalata / Assessng texturee to five beef meat cuts preserved by terilization inn tinplate packaging

Las variables que influyen en la calidad de los cortes de carne bovina para enlatar, definen la aceptación del consumidor por análisis de la textura usando método instrumental y sensorial. Se seleccionan, caracterizan y evalúan cinco cortes de carne de bovino, de uso frecuente por el consumidor, para someterlos a cocción, desmecharlos, enlatarlos, llevarlos a esterilización comercial a dos niveles de tratamiento térmico (F0= 8 y F0= 20), a 121°C, 20 libras de presión, y 5 repeticiones, para determinar cuál de los 5 cortes presenta mejor respuesta en textura, costos y rendimientos. Los cortes utilizados son: músculo romboides o huevo de solomo; cutáneo del tronco o sobrebarriga; supraespinoso o sabaleta; bíceps femoral o posta; dorsal ancho, o gran dorsal o espaldilla,. Los cortes son analizados por jueces entrenados y no entrenados, en el Laboratorio de Análisis Sensorial de Alimentos de la Universidad de Antioquia, La calidad textural es medida con texturómetro por fuerza de corte, a las muestras seleccionadas. Se valora además: el costo, el rendimiento del corte, la calidad microbiológica y prueba de esterilidad comercial de las latas incubadas a 37 y 55°C, para los valores F0, definidos. La correlación estadística entre el análisis sensorial e instrumental demuestra que el mejor corte para desmechar y esterilizar corresponde a la espaldilla gruesa con un tratamiento térmico de 16 minutos a 121°C y 20 libras de presión, con un menor costo, una mejor textura y un buen rendimiento.

In order to define consumer acceptance by texture analysis, the variables that affect quality of beef cuts for canning are analyzed by instrumental and sensory methods. Five beef cuts, commonly used by consumers, are selected, characterized and evaluated, so as to subject them to cooking, mincing and canning in tin containers, then, commercial sterilization in two levels of thermal treatment (F0=8 and F0=20), to 121°C; and 20 pounds of pressure, with 5 repetitions, is carried out. This procedure is aimed to determinate which of the five cuts offer a better response regarding to texture, costs and yield. The cuts used are: Muscle Romboides or "Huevo de Solomo', Cutaneous of Trunk or Sobrebarriga, Supraespinoso or Sabaleta, Biceps Femoral or Posta, Dorsal Broad or Great Dorsal, its commercial name is "Punta de Espaldilla'. All beef cuts are analyzed by expert and non-trained judges in the Sensorial Analysis of Food Laboratory at the University of Antioquia. A Texturometer is used to measure the applied force upon beef cuts. Additionally, costs, yield of cuts, microbiological quality and the test of commercial sterility are also evaluated in tins incubated at 37°C and 55 °C, for the defined F0 values. The statistical correlation among the Sensorial and Instrumental Analysis shows that the best cut for mincing and sterilizing corresponds to 'Espaldilla' following a thermal treatment of 16 minutes to 121°C, and 20 pounds of pressure, since it offers a lower cost and a better texture and yield.